gmes english: Kalimat Bersyarat Dalam Bahasa Inggris

Gadjah Mada English School (GMES) Yogyakarta

Conditional Sentence Kalimat Pengandaian ----------- Expressing Supposition Menyatakan Pengandaian ------ Conditional followed by Advice and Instruction Pengandaian diikuti oleh Saran dan Instruksi If ( Jika) Kalimat Pengandaian bisa disebut juga sebagai Kalimat bersyarat artinya bahwa suatu peristiwa mungkin terjadi bila syaratnya terpenuhi Kalimat pengandaian tanda utamanya kata : If ( jika), Will ( akan), Would (akan)
Bentuk dan Verb Play – play – played – playing Play (B1/V1) Played (B2/V2) --- Will play (B1/V1) Would Play (B2/V1) Would have played (B3/V3) --- Is playing (B1/Ving Was playing (B2/Ving) --- Semua has atau Have adalah bentuk 1 She Has a book ( B1/V1 Thy Have a book ( B1/V1) She Has written a letter ( B1/V3 They Have written a letter ( B1/V3 ---- I Had a book ( B2/V2) mempunyai.. I Had written a letter ( B3/V3 ) telah ...
Part A Akan .... Jika S + will +V1 ... If S + V1 --- B1 S + Would +V1...... If +S + V2 --- B2 S+ Would have +V3 ... If + S + had +V3---B3 Verb ( Kata Kerja )
V1		V2	V3	Ving
Study/StudieS *Belajar*		Studied	Studied	Studying
Write/ WriteS *Menulis*		Wrote	Written	Writing
Pass /Passes *Lulus*		Passed	Passed	Passing
Do/Does *Mengerjakan*		Did	Done	Doing
Will study *Akan belajar*		Would study *Akan belajar*	Would have studied *Akan telah belajar*
Is/are		Was/were	Been	Being
Have / Has		Had	Had had	Having



Type 1	Present Real Mungkin terjadi sekarang / akan datang
S + will + V1 akan… IF S + V1 She will pass the test tomorrow IF She studies hard 1 + 1 + Dia akan lulus tes besok JIKA Dia belajar keras === Makna : She may pass the test tomorrow IF She studies hard Dia mungkin lulus test besok jika belajar keras


*Type 2*	Present Unreal Tidak atau hampir tidak mungkin terjadi , tidak terjadi sekarang
S + Would + V1 ( akan lampau) IF S + V2 She would pass the test yesterday IF She studied hard 2 + 2 + Dia akan lulus test kemarin jika dia belajar keras Makna : She doesn’t pass the test because She doesn’t study hard 1- 1 - Dia tidak lulus lulus karena dia tidak belajar keras


Type 3	Past unreal Tidak mungkin terjadi , tidak pernah terjadi di masa yang lalu.
She + Would+Have+V3 (akan tlh) IF She + had + V3 He would have passed the test 2 days ago IF He had studied hard 3 + 3 + Dia akan telah lulus test ... jika dia telah belajar keras Makna : She didn’t pass …because She didn’t study hard 2 - 2 - Dia tidak lulus ... karena dia tidak belajar keras


	Catatan : If ( jika), Unless ( jika tidak), Only If ( hanya jika) , Even if ( sekalipun/ sungguhpun), Whether or not ( ya atau tidak) , In case that ( jika seandainya), Providing that ( asalkan), Provided that ( asalkan) , In the event that ( seandainya)


Part B Inversion Conditional ( Pengandaian susun balik)
Conditional Inversi( tanpa if )
I would fly (B2) to the sky If I were (B2) a bird ,2+ Saya akan terbang ke langit jika aku seekor burung === If I were a bird , I would fly to the sky Jika saya seekor burung, saya akan terbang ke langit *Inversinya :* Were I a bird , I would fly to the sky ,2+ Jika Aku burung , Aku akan terbang ke langit === Makna turun tensesnya kebalikan : I am not a bird so I will /do not fly to the sky, 1 - Saya bukan seekor burung sehingga saya tidak terbang kelangit


	Inversi were atau had didepan Subject
I would have passed the test If I had known the answer ,3 + Saya akan telah lulus test jika saya telah tahu jawabannya === Inversinya : If I had known the answer , I would have passed the test, 3+ Jika saya telah tahu jawabannya , Saya akan telah lulus tes === Had I known the answer , I would have passed the test, 3+ Jika aku tlh tahu jawabannya Aku akan telah lulus test === Makna turun tenses kebalikannya : I didn’t know the answer so I didn’t pass the test, 2 - *Saya tidak tahu jawabannya sehingga saya tidak lulus tes*

Part C Expressing Supposition Menyatakan Pengandaian
1	If I continue my studies in Jogja , I will stay in my uncle’s house Jika saya melanjutkan studi saya di Jogja, saya akan tinggal di rumah paman saya
2	If I win the competition , I will treat my friends Jika saya memenangkan kompetisi, saya akan mentraktir teman-teman saya
3	If Sarah has spare time , she will try to cook new recipes Jika Sarah memiliki waktu luang, dia akan mencoba memasak resep baru
4	If we have a long holiday , we will go to Lombok Jika kami punya libur panjang, kita akan pergi ke Lombok
5	If Ronald receives a scholarship , his parents will be proud Jika Ronald mendapat beasiswa, orang tuanya akan bangga
Part D Conditional followed by Advice and Instruction Pengandaian diikuti oleh Saran dan Instruksi
1	If you are hungry , eat these fried chicken Jika Anda lapar, makan ayam goreng ini
2	If you change your plan, call me Jika Anda mengubah rencana Anda, hubungi saya
3	If you feel thirsty , drink a cup of tea Jika Anda merasa haus, minumlah secangkir teh
4	If you don’t know the map, just ask me Jika Anda tidak tahu peta, tanyakan saja kepada saya

Part E Conditional followed by suggestion Pengandaian diikuti oleh saran
1	If you don’t feel fit , you should go to the doctor Jika Anda merasa tidak sehat, Anda harus pergi ke dokter
2	If you go shoping, you should prepare some money Jika Anda pergi berbelanja, Anda harus menyiapkan sejumlah uang

Part F If with imperative Jika dengan imperatif(perintah)
1	If you like the bag, buy it Jika Anda suka tasnya, belilah
2	If your sister is sweeping the floor , help her Jika adikmu menyapu lantai, bantu dia
3	If you have cleaned the kitchen, wash the plates Jika Anda sudah membersihkan dapur, cuci piring

Part G If with can Jika dengan bisa
1	If you don’t have dictionary , you can borrow mine Jika Anda tidak memiliki kamus, Anda dapat meminjam kamus saya

Part H If with should Jika dengan harus
1	If you should meet Tono, tell him to call me Jika Anda harus bertemu Tono, katakan padanya untuk menelepon saya

Part I Contoh Soal Conditional No.1 If he prepared (B2/V2) his lesson, he ... his examination Jika dia mempersiapkan pelajarannya, dia ... ujiannya ~~Passed~~ Would have passed Would be passed Would pass akan lulus ~~Had passed~~ --- No. 2 He ... the program if I had not reminded (B3/V3) him Dia ... programnya kalau saya tidak mengingatkan (B3/V3) dia May forget Should forget Might have forgotten Mungkin telah lupa May forget Must forget --- No. 3 He ... if I had not invited him (B3/V3) Dia ... jika saya tidak mengundangnya May not come Should not come Might not have come Mungkin tidak telah datang May not came Must not come --- No. 4 We would have lost (B3/V3)our bag if we ... it in the hotel Kami akan kehilangan tas kami (B3/V3) jika kami ... di hotel left have left had left telah meninggalkan ~~would~~ leave ~~would~~ have left --- No. 5 I could never have finished( B3/V3) my work if my brother ... me Saya tidak akan pernah bisa menyelesaikan (B3/V3) pekerjaan saya jika saudara saya ... saya didn’t help hasn’t help hadn’t helped telah tidak membantu doesn’t help wasn’t helping --- No. 6 If I had known (B3/V3) that you were coming , I ... you at the station. Jika saya tahu (B3/V3) bahwa Anda akan datang, saya ... Anda di stasiun. will meet will have met will be meeting may have met would have met akan telah bertemu --- No. 7 If the mechanic had done (B3/V3) his work properly , you ... no problem with your car yesterday Jika mekanik telah melakukan (B3/V3) pekerjaannya dengan benar, Anda ... tidak ada masalah dengan mobil Anda kemarin would have had akan telah tidak punya have had would have had had will have --- No. 8 We ... the work if we had been given (B3/V3) enough time Kami ... pekerjaan itu jika kami diberi (B3/V3) cukup waktu finished would finish could finish could have finished telah dapat menyelesaiakan could be finished --- No. 9 If someone had taken (B3/V3) her book, she ... the teacher Jika seseorang telah mengambil (B3/V3) bukunya, dia ... gurunya would have told to would have told akan telah memberitahu will have told it had told it would tell it to --- No. 10 You ... the job if you were not (B2) late to the interview Anda ... pekerjaan jika Anda tidak (B2) terlambat ke wawancara Would get Akan mendapat pekerjaan Would be gotten Would have gotten Would have been gotten --- No. 11 138/Stan/2010 enormous ... her shyness , she would have become a great teacher She had overcome Had she overcome If she overcome If she would overcome 142/Stan/2010 Enormous

Part I If I had a car , I would drive to Kaliurang very often Jika saya punya mobil, saya akan sering pergi ke Kaliurang Means : I didn’t have a car, so I didn’t drive to Kaliurang very often I don’t have a car, so I don’t drive to Kaliurang very often I didn’t have a car, yet I drove to Kaliurang verry often I don’t have a car, yet I drive to Kaliurang very often I had a car, so I could drive to Kaliurang very often

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